What Is Exercise-Induced Asthma?

Exercise-induced asthma, also known as exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB), is when physical activity triggers asthma symptoms like coughing, wheezing, or shortness of breath. It can affect people with or without a regular asthma diagnosis and often happens during or after exercise [1].

Why does exercise cause asthma symptoms?

When you exercise, you breathe faster and often through your mouth, which means the air entering your lungs is colder and drier. This can irritate the airways, causing them to narrow and making it harder to breathe. This is what triggers asthma symptoms in some people.

What are the symptoms of exercise-induced asthma?

Symptoms usually start during exercise or within 5–10 minutes after stopping. They include:

Coughing
Wheezing (a whistling sound when breathing)
Shortness of breath
Tightness in the chest
Fatigue or poor performance during exercise

How is exercise-induced asthma diagnosed?

A healthcare professional will ask about your symptoms and may carry out breathing tests before and after exercise. In some cases, you may be referred for further testing at a specialist clinic.

Can people with exercise-induced asthma still be active?

Yes. With the right treatment and preparation, people with exercise-induced asthma can enjoy all kinds of physical activity. In fact, regular exercise can help improve overall lung health and fitness.

How is exercise-induced asthma treated?

Treatment usually includes:

Using a reliever inhaler (usually a blue inhaler) 10–15 minutes before exercise
Taking regular preventer medication if prescribed
Warming up properly before exercise and cooling down after
Avoiding known triggers such as cold air or high pollen levels

What sports are best for people with exercise-induced asthma?

Some sports are less likely to cause symptoms, especially those with short bursts of activity. These include:

Walking
Swimming (especially in warm, humid pools)
Yoga or Pilates
Golf

Activities with long periods of exertion, like long-distance running or football, may be more challenging but are still possible with good asthma management.

Should you see a doctor?

If you regularly experience breathing problems during or after exercise, speak to your GP or asthma nurse. They can check your symptoms and help create a personalised treatment plan to keep you active and safe.

Key Takeaways

Exercise-induced asthma is when physical activity triggers asthma symptoms.
Symptoms include coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness.
It can happen to people with or without diagnosed asthma.
Using a reliever inhaler before exercise and warming up properly can help prevent symptoms.
With the right support, people with exercise-induced asthma can stay fit and active.

Reminder: If you struggle with breathing during exercise, don’t ignore it. Speak to a healthcare professional for advice and treatment to help you stay active safely.

Sources

[1] Gerow M, Bruner PJ. Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction. [Updated 2023 Aug 7]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557554/

Exercise Induced Asthma